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Fission

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Fission

It is a physical process that deals with splitting of a nucleus into two nuclei and production of

nuclear energy to fuel the nuclear reactors.

What is Nuclear Fission

As we all know that an atom consists of nucleus and electrons that orbit around the nucleus.

Nucleus of an atom has protons and neutrons. Total number of protons and neutrons of an

atom makes its mass number. It is shown that mass number of any atom is always less than total

number of protons and electrons present in its nucleus.

The difference of mass is used as binding energy of a nucleus that makes a nucleus from its

constituents. It means that atoms with higher binding energy with have more stable nucleus

that those with lesser binding energy. It is shown that the atoms with mass number 56 have

highest binding energy and hence are most stable. Hence all atoms have tendency to achieve

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this mass number.

The atoms having mass number greater than 56 will split into two lighter nuclei to attain stability

and hence undergo the process of nuclear phenomenon. On the other hand the atoms with

mass number lower than 56 will tend to fuse together to attain stable mass number and hence

will undergo process of nuclear fusion.

Other force that drives the process of this nuclear phenomenon is the repulsion between

protons of a nucleus. When the proton number in a nucleus increases beyond 40, repulsion

between protons is very strong. When these unstable heavy nuclei are hit with neutrons, they

absorb the neutrons to dilute the proton number. This is followed by splitting of nucleus into

two lighter nuclei and release of energy and some other by-products.

What is Fission

It is the process of breaking of a heavy unstable nucleus into two lighter stable nuclei. The

process is initiated by hitting the unstable nuclei with neutron followed by its splitting and

release of nuclear energy.

Fission Definition

This means splitting. It is the physical process which includes splitting of a heavy atom into two

lighter atoms with more binding energy (and hence more stability) with release of tremendous

amount of energy. This energy is used to fuel nuclear reactors and is known as nuclear energy.

Nuclear Fission Definition

Nuclear fission is defined as a physical process driven by instability of heavy atoms and repulsion

between their protons. It deals with splitting of a nuclear atom into two lighter nuclei to attain

more stability.
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