The Initial Treatment of Asthma in an Emergency Department
- Asthma is a disorder of the airways, where inflammation and constriction may cause wheezing, difficulty breathing, coughing, tightness of the chest, and shortness of breath.
- Asthma is often caused by allergens that may trigger an asthma attack. Some common asthma triggers are pet dander, weather changes, dust, exercise, pollen, and tobacco smoke.
- Some symptoms of an asthma attack that may need emergency medical treatment are bluish color of lips, extreme difficulty breathing, rapid pulse, anxiety due to difficulty breathing, confusion, decreased alertness, and sweating profusely.
- Rescue medications are used in the emergency department to help restore normal breathing. These medications may include bronchodilators such as albuterol or xopenex. Corticosteroids such as dexamethasone may be used to reduce inflammation.
- A severe asthma attack may require a stay in the hospital, IV medications, and oxygen, followed by regular check-ups with your doctor. After the initial treatment, it may be necessary to take regular preventative medications to avoid future attacks.