Kinds of Wood Stain
- Water-based stains are kinder to the environment that many other stains, but a homeowner must take care to avoid letting water absorb into the wood or it will raise the grain, creating an uneven surface. Avoid this by wiping the piece with a damp towel and sanding it after it has dried. Apply the stain with a brush or lint-free cloth. Apply as many layers as needed for desired effect. Clean up with soap and water.
- Oil-based stains create a rich finish and depth of color as they absorb into the wood. Apply multiple layers to reach desired saturation while allowing the wood grain to shine through. Clean brushes or applicators with mineral spirits.
- Gel stains are more expensive than liquid stains and provide heavier coverage. Using a clean lint-free cloth is the most efficient application method for gel stains.
- Combination stains combine stain with sealant properties in one product. It can be easier to use because it saves several steps, but the results are difficult to control. The stain is not absorbed into the wood, and the product is difficult to apply evenly. Combination stains may be more opaque than other stains.
- After a wood piece is stained and has dried, it is desirable to seal the piece with a finishing product. Options include polyurethanes, lacquers and oils. Oils are best for items that are not subject to heavy usage, while lacquers and polyurethanes provide a waterproof finish.